1. Classification of aluminum alloys
One series: 1000 series aluminum alloys represent 1050, 1060 and 1100 series. Among all the series, the 1000 series belongs to the series with the most aluminum content. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Because it does not contain other technical elements, the production process is relatively simple and the price is relatively cheap. It is the most commonly used series in conventional industries at present. Most of the current circulation in the market are 1050 and 1060 series. The minimum aluminum content of the 1000 series aluminum plate is determined according to the last two Arabic numerals. For example, the last two Arabic numerals of the 1050 series are 50. According to the international brand naming principle, the aluminum content must reach 99.5% or more to qualify as a product. my country’s aluminum alloy technical standard (gB/T3880-2006) also clearly stipulates that the aluminum content of 1050 should reach 99.5%. In the same way, the aluminum content of 1060 series aluminum plates must reach more than 99.6%.
Second series: 2000 series aluminum alloys represent 2024, 2A16 (LY16), 2A02 (LY6). The 2000 series aluminum plate is characterized by high hardness, among which the copper content is the highest, about 3-5%. The 2000 series aluminum rods belong to aviation aluminum and are not commonly used in conventional industries at present.
Three series: 3000 series aluminum alloys mainly represent 3003 and 3A21. my country’s 3000 series aluminum plate production process is relatively good. 3000 series aluminum rods are made of manganese as the main component. The content is between 1.0-1.5, which is a series with better anti-rust function.
Four series: 4000 series aluminum rods are represented by 4A01 4000 series aluminum plates, which belong to the series with high silicon content. Usually the silicon content is between 4.5-6.0%. It belongs to building materials, mechanical parts, forging materials, welding materials; low melting point, good corrosion resistance, product description: It has the characteristics of heat resistance and wear resistance
Five series: 5000 series aluminum alloys represent 5052, 5005, 5083, 5A05 series. 5000 series aluminum rods belong to the more commonly used alloy aluminum plate series, the main element is magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. It can also be called aluminum-magnesium alloy. The main features are low density, high tensile strength, high elongation, and good fatigue strength, but it cannot be strengthened by heat treatment. Under the same area, the weight of aluminum-magnesium alloy is lower than other series. It is also widely used in conventional industries. In my country, the 5000 series aluminum plate belongs to one of the more mature aluminum plate series.
Six series: 6000 series aluminum alloy represents 6061, which mainly contains two elements of magnesium and silicon, so the advantages of 4000 series and 5000 series are concentrated. 6061 is a cold-processed aluminum forged product, suitable for applications requiring high corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Good workability, easy coating, good processability.
Seven series: 7000 series aluminum alloys represent 7075 mainly containing zinc. It also belongs to the aviation series. It is an aluminum-magnesium-zinc-copper alloy. It is a heat-treatable alloy. It belongs to superhard aluminum alloy and has good wear resistance. It also has good weldability, but poor corrosion resistance. Currently basically rely on imports, my country’s production technology needs to be improved.
Eight series: 8000 series aluminum alloy is more commonly used as 8011 belongs to other series, most of the application is aluminum foil, and the production of aluminum rod is not commonly used.
Nine series: 9000 series aluminum alloys are spare alloys.
2. Substance category of aluminum alloy
1) Aluminum alloy pure aluminum products
Pure aluminum is divided into two categories: smelted products and pressure processed products. The former is represented by the chemical composition Al, and the latter is represented by the Chinese pinyin LG (aluminum, industrial use).
2) Press processed aluminum alloy
Aluminum alloy pressure processing products are divided into seven categories: antirust (LF), hard (LY), forged (LD), superhard (LC), clad (LB), special (LT) and brazed (LQ). The states of commonly used aluminum alloy materials are annealed (M annealed), hardened (Y), and hot-rolled (R).
3) Aluminum
Aluminum and aluminum alloys processed into certain shapes are collectively referred to as aluminum materials, including plates, strips, foils, pipes, bars, wires, profiles, etc.
4) Cast aluminum alloy
Cast aluminum alloys (ZL) are divided into four categories according to the main elements other than aluminum in the composition, silicon, copper, magnesium, and zinc, and the codes are 100, 200, 300, and 400, respectively.
5) High-strength aluminum alloy
High-strength aluminum alloys refer to aluminum alloys whose tensile strength is greater than 480 MPa, mainly hard aluminum alloys, superhard aluminum alloys and casting alloys in press-processed aluminum alloys
3. Typical uses of various aluminum alloys
1050 Squeeze coils for the food, chemical and brewing industries, various hoses, fireworks powder
1060 is required for occasions with high corrosion resistance and formability, but not high requirements for strength, and chemical equipment is its typical application
1100 is used for processing parts that require good formability and high corrosion resistance but do not require high strength, such as chemical products, food industry devices and storage containers, thin plate processing parts, deep drawing or spinning concave vessels, welding parts, heat exchangers, printing plates, nameplates, reflective appliances
1145 Packaging and insulating aluminum foil, heat exchangers
1199 Electrolytic capacitor foil, optically reflective deposited film
1350 Wires, Conductive Strands, Busbars, Transformer Strips
2011 Screws and machining products requiring good cutting performance
2014 Applied to occasions requiring high strength and hardness (including high temperature). Aircraft heavy, forgings, thick plates and extruded materials, wheels and structural elements, multi-stage rocket first stage fuel tanks and spacecraft parts, truck frames and suspension system parts
2017 is the first 2XXX series alloy to be applied in industry. The current application range is narrow, mainly for rivets, general mechanical parts, structural and transportation structural parts, propellers and accessories
2024 Aircraft structures, rivets, missile components, truck wheels, propeller elements, and various other structural parts
2036 Auto body sheet metal parts
2048 Aerospace vehicle structural parts and weapon structural parts
2124 Aerospace vehicle structural parts
2218 Aircraft engine and diesel engine pistons, aircraft engine cylinder heads, jet engine impellers and compressor rings
2219 Space rocket welding oxidant tank, supersonic aircraft skin and structural parts, the working temperature is -270~300℃. Good weldability, high fracture toughness, T8 state has high resistance to stress corrosion cracking
2319 Welding rod and filler solder for 2219 alloy
2618 Die forgings and free forgings. Pistons and Aero Engine Parts
2A01 Structural rivets with operating temperature less than or equal to 100°C
2A02 Axial compressor blades for turbojet engines with working temperature of 200~300℃
2A06 Aircraft structure with working temperature of 150~250℃ and aircraft structure rivets with working temperature of 125~250℃
2A10 has higher strength than 2A01 alloy and is used to manufacture aircraft structural rivets with working temperature less than or equal to 100°C
2A11 Medium-strength structural parts of aircraft, propeller blades, transportation vehicles and architectural structural parts. Medium strength bolts and rivets for aircraft
2A12 Aircraft skins, bulkheads, wing ribs, spars, rivets, etc., construction and transportation structural parts
2A14 Free forgings and die forgings with complex shapes
2A16 Aerospace aircraft parts with an operating temperature of 250~300°C, welding containers and airtight cockpits operating at room temperature and high temperature
2A17 Aircraft parts with working temperature of 225~250℃
2A50 Medium-strength parts with complex shapes
2A60 Aircraft engine compressor wheels, wind deflectors, fans, impellers, etc.
2A70 Aircraft skins, aircraft engine pistons, wind deflectors, wheels, etc.
2A80 Air compressor blades, impellers, pistons, expansion rings and other parts with high working temperature
2A90 Aero engine piston
3003 is used for processing parts that require good formability, high corrosion resistance and good weldability, or requires both these properties and higher strength than 1XXX alloys, such as kitchen utensils, food and chemical product processing and storage devices, tanks and tanks for transporting liquid products, various pressure vessels and pipes processed with thin plates
3004 All-aluminum pop can body, requiring parts with higher strength than 3003 alloy, chemical product production and storage devices, thin plate processing parts, construction processing parts, construction tools, various lamp parts
3105 Room partitions, baffles, movable room panels, gutters and downspouts, thin plate forming parts, bottle caps, bottle stoppers, etc.
3A21 Aircraft fuel tanks, oil conduits, rivet wires, etc.; industrial equipment such as building materials and food, etc.
5005 is similar to 3003 alloy, with medium strength and good corrosion resistance. Used as conductors, cooking utensils, instrument panels, housings and architectural trim. The anodic oxide film is brighter than the oxide film on 3003 alloy, and is consistent with the tone of 6063 alloy
5050 thin plate can be used as the lining plate of refrigerators and refrigerators, automobile air pipes, oil pipes and agricultural irrigation pipes; it can also process thick plates, pipes, bars, special-shaped materials and wires, etc.
5052 This alloy has good formability, corrosion resistance, candleability, fatigue strength and moderate static strength. It is used in the manufacture of aircraft fuel tanks, oil pipes, sheet metal parts of transportation vehicles and ships, instruments, street lamp brackets and rivets, hardware products, etc.
5056 magnesium alloy and cable sheath rivets, zippers, nails, etc.; aluminum-clad wire is widely used in processing agricultural insect trap covers, and other occasions that require high corrosion resistance
5083 is used in occasions that require high corrosion resistance, good weldability and medium strength, such as welded parts of ships, automobiles and aircraft plates; pressure vessels that require strict fire protection, refrigeration devices, TV towers, drilling equipment, transportation equipment, missile components, armor, etc.
5086 is used in occasions requiring high corrosion resistance, good weldability and medium strength, such as ships, automobiles, aircraft, cryogenic equipment, TV towers, drilling rigs, transportation equipment, missile parts and decks, etc.
5154 Welded structures, storage tanks, pressure vessels, ship structures and offshore installations, transport tanks
5182 thin plate is used for processing can lids, automobile body panels, control panels, reinforcements, brackets and other parts
5252 is used to manufacture decorative parts with high strength, such as decorative parts of automobiles. Bright and transparent oxide film after anodizing
5254 Containers for hydrogen peroxide and other chemical products
5356 Welding aluminum-magnesium alloy electrodes and wires with a magnesium content greater than 3%
5454 Welded structures, pressure vessels, piping for marine installations
5456 Armor plates, high-strength welded structures, storage tanks, pressure vessels, ship materials
5457 Polished and anodized decorative parts for automobiles and other equipment
5652 Storage containers for hydrogen peroxide and other chemical products
5657 Polished and anodized decorative parts of automobiles and other equipment, provided that in any case the material has a fine grain structure
5A02 Aircraft fuel tanks and conduits, welding wires, rivets, ship structural parts
5A03 medium strength welded structure, cold stamping parts, welding container, welding wire, can be used to replace 5A02 alloy
5A05 Welded structural parts, aircraft skin skeleton
5A06 Welded structure, cold forging parts, welded tension container stress parts, aircraft skin bone parts
5A12 Welded structural parts, bulletproof deck
6005 Extruded profiles and pipes are used for structural parts that require a higher strength than 6063 alloys, such as ladders, TV antennas, etc.
6009 Automobile body panels
6010 Sheet: automobile body
6061 Various industrial structures that require certain strength, high weldability and corrosion resistance, such as pipes, rods, shapes and plates for manufacturing trucks, tower buildings, ships, trams, fixtures, mechanical parts, precision machining, etc.
6063 Construction profiles, irrigation pipes and extruded materials for vehicles, benches, furniture, fences, etc.
6066 Forgings and welded structure extrusion materials
6070 Extruded materials and tubes for heavy-duty welded structures and the automotive industry
6101 High-strength rods for buses, electrical conductors and radiators, etc.
6151 is used for die forging crankshaft parts, machine parts and rolling rings, which require good forgeability, high strength and good corrosion resistance
6201 High-strength conductive rods and wires
6205 Slabs, Pedals and High Impact Extrusions
6262 Threaded high stress parts requiring better corrosion resistance than 2011 and 2017 alloys
6351 Extruded structural parts of vehicles, pipelines for water, oil, etc.
6463 Construction and various appliance profiles, as well as automotive trim parts with a bright surface after anodizing
6A02 Aircraft engine parts, forgings and die forgings with complex shapes
7005 extruded materials, used to manufacture welded structures that have both high strength and high fracture toughness, such as trusses, rods, and containers for transportation vehicles; large heat exchangers, and parts that cannot be solidified after welding; can also be used to manufacture sports equipment such as tennis rackets and softball bats
7039 Freezing containers, cryogenic equipment and storage boxes, fire-fighting pressure equipment, military equipment, armor plates, missile devices
7049 is used for forging parts that have the same static strength as 7079-T6 alloy and require high resistance to stress corrosion cracking, such as aircraft and missile parts-landing gear hydraulic cylinders and extrusions. The fatigue performance of the part is roughly equal to that of the 7075-T6 alloy, while the toughness is slightly higher
7050 Plates, extrusions, free forgings and die forgings for aircraft structural parts. The alloy requirements for the manufacture of such parts are: high resistance to exfoliation corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance
7072 Air conditioner aluminum foil and ultra-thin strip; 2219, 3003, 3004, 5050, 5052, 5154, 6061, 7075, 7475, 7178 alloy plate and pipe cladding layer
7075 is used in the manufacture of aircraft structures and other high-stress structural parts that require high strength and strong corrosion resistance, and mold manufacturing
7175 is used for forging high-strength structures for aircraft. T736 material has good comprehensive performance, that is, high strength, high resistance to exfoliation corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, fracture toughness and fatigue strength
7178 For the manufacture of aerospace vehicles requiring high compressive yield strength parts
Aluminum-clad and non-clad plates for the 7475 fuselage, wing frames, stringers, etc. Other components that require both high strength and high fracture toughness
7A04 Aircraft skin, screws, and stressed components such as girder stringers, bulkheads, wing ribs, landing gear, etc.